Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Guideline

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a neurological condition often triggered by a common cold, flu, or diarrhea. The exact cause of the disease remains unknown. A hallmark of GBS is rapidly progressing muscle weakness, typically starting in the legs and spreading to the arms. The weakness is symmetrical, affecting both sides of the body equally. Patients may also experience reduced sensation or pain. In severe cases, facial and respiratory muscles can become paralyzed, which occurs in approximately 25% of cases. These patients require artificial ventilation.

After about four weeks, the disease reaches its peak, and the recovery phase begins. This recovery phase may last from weeks to months. While some patients recover fully, most experience lingering symptoms such as fatigue and sensory disturbances. In the Netherlands, around 200 people are diagnosed with GBS annually.

Purpose of the Guideline

This guideline is intended for all healthcare providers involved in the care of GBS patients. It focuses on delivering the best care based on current standards. The guideline covers the following topics:

• Recommended diagnostic tests for suspected GBS

• Medication treatments and long-term outcomes

• Monitoring specific symptoms closely

• The role of artificial ventilation

• Communication with patients who are (partially) paralyzed

• Rehabilitation and the role of physical training

• Persistent physical complaints over the long term

• Assessing physical symptoms that impact work ability

• Weighing the decision to vaccinate during GBS

• Hospital requirements for optimal care

• Effective organization and collaboration between disciplines

The Guillain-Barré Syndrome guideline is available in the guideline database of the Federation of Medical Specialists.